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Khalid El-Masri (also Khaled El-Masri〔 and Khaled Masri,〔 Levantine Arabic pronunciation: (:ˈxaːlɪd elˈmɑsˤɾi, -ˈmɑsˤɾe), (アラビア語:خالد المصري)) (born June 29, 1963) is a German and Lebanese citizen who was mistakenly abducted by the Macedonian police, and handed over to the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). While in CIA custody, he was flown to Afghanistan, where he was held in a black site, interrogated, beaten, strip-searched, sodomized, and subjected to other inhuman and degrading treatment, which at times escalated to torture.〔(- (para. 205) El Masri v. Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= ACLU petition 2006 )〕〔(para 151) (''El Masri v. Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia'' )〕〔(CASE OF EL-MASRI v THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA, European Court of Human Rights, Strasbourg, December 2012 )〕 After El-Masri held hunger strikes, and was detained for four months in the "Salt Pit", the CIA finally admitted his arrest and torture were a mistake and released him. He is believed to be among an estimated 3,000 detainees whom the CIA has abducted from 2001–2005.〔 In May 2004, the U.S. Ambassador to Germany, Daniel R. Coats, convinced the German interior minister, Otto Schily, not to press charges or to reveal the program.〔 El-Masri filed suit against the CIA for his arrest, extraordinary rendition and torture. In 2006, his suit ''El Masri v. Tenet,'' in which he was represented by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), was dismissed by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, based on the U.S. government's claiming the state secrets privilege. The ACLU said the Bush administration attempted to shield its abuses by invoking this privilege.〔("'El-Masri v. Tenet': Background - State Secrets Privilege" ), ACLU, November 2006, accessed 26 January 2013〕 The case was also dismissed by the Appeals Court for the Fourth Circuit, and in December 2007, the United States Supreme Court declined to hear the case. On December 13, 2012, El Masri won an Article 34 case at the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The court determined he had been tortured while held by CIA agents and ruled that Macedonia was responsible for abusing him while in the country, and knowingly transferring him to the CIA when torture was a possibility. It awarded him compensation.〔(Amy Davidson, "Torturing the wrong man" ), ''New Yorker'', 13 December 2012〕〔(Nicholas Kulish, "Court Finds Rights Violation in C.I.A. Rendition Case" ), ''New York Times'', 13 December 2012〕 This marked the first time that the CIA activities against detainees was legally declared as torture.〔(Amrit Singh, "European court of human rights finds against CIA abuse of Khaled el-Masri" ), ''The Guardian'', 13 December 2012〕 The European Court condemned nations for collaborating with the United States in these secret programs. ==Personal history== El-Masri was born in Kuwait to Lebanese parents. He grew up in Lebanon. He immigrated to Germany in the 1980s during the Lebanese civil war, where he applied for political asylum, based on his membership in the Islamic Unification Movement. It fought against the Lebanese government during the war years.〔("El-Masri a member of El-Tawhid" ), msn.de, February 23, 2006〕 He was granted asylum. In 1994 he obtained German citizenship through a previous marriage with a German woman, whom he later divorced. In 1996, El-Masri married a Lebanese woman in Ulm, Germany. They have had five children together.〔("Extraordinary Rendition – Khaled El-Masri – Statement" ), American Civil Liberties Union, June 12, 2005〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Khalid El-Masri」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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